Friday, May 8, 2020
Essay Topics For College Admissions - Writing The Essay That You Can Share With Anyone
Essay Topics For College Admissions - Writing The Essay That You Can Share With AnyoneThe ability to write a good essay depends on the writing skill of the student. For that reason, you should go through your own college essays, especially those that apply for admission to a university, and learn how to write better essays.Try to list the different points that make up the essay in a few minutes, instead of just coming up with an idea on your own and using it without thinking what will come out of it. To be able to know how the words that you put in will be perceived by the reader, you have to know how your students see them.You also have to know how the reader is going to be affected by his or her personality, or if they are going to be interested or not in the topic. Make sure that you don't put down too much information in your essay, as this can be too overwhelming. There are many essay topics for college admissions that you can choose from, and many college admissions offices wil l require you to make a general statement and provide details about the topic.You should have more than one subject in your essay, but remember that the right subject can make all the difference. They will first look at the essay, whether it is good or not, and then decide if they want to take it further or not.In that case, you have to make sure that you are presenting the most compelling subject that you can. If you don't have a strong statement that you are ready to provide in the essay, the reader will feel that the writer is unable to fully answer the question asked. Always make sure that you present a complete thought in your essay, without being boring or technical.Ask yourself if there is anything else that you would like to put in your subject. If there is nothing else to do it, you should include some example sentences that relate to the topic. Make sure that you do not put too much information in the middle of the sentence because it can confuse the reader.However, you sh ould make sure that you follow the basic rules when writing for the college admissions. This will enable you to get good essays for college admissions, even if you are really not very good at it.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Night Crossing, Movie Free Essays
The movie, Night Crossing portrays an East German family about the year of 1978. This was right after they stopped allowing East Germans to travel freely back and forth East and West Germany. This is just one more of the acts furthering the restrictions placed on East Germans. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Crossing, Movie or any similar topic only for you Order Now Others included requesting visas to leave the East and being constantly in fear that a spy would report them to the SS for being ââ¬Å"unpatrioticâ⬠when found even speaking about other ideas, or owning books that werenââ¬â¢t the communistic ideology.In the movie, Night Crossing, the characters develop a need to be free, a desperation to be free, to do anything it takes. In the first scenes, Lukas Keller, the young teen, manages to visit his girlfriend on the West side of Berlin. It was stated, later in the movie, that Lukas had several books considered unpatriotic, because the authors were West Germans. Still further into the movie, a classmate of his accidentally reports him to an SS supporter.The student didnââ¬â¢t know what was wrong with Lukas, only that he had disappeared. He wanted to aid in his discovery. Turns out, he only gave the SS a valid reason for what they did. What they did stroke a chord, recalled of the holocaust era, when they would murder ruthlessly, because they could. Striking first, without thought or care of whom they are killing. This is what they did to Lukas. Lukas was so very desperate to gain his freedom, he attempted to escape.At first he was only able to escape through temporary visits to his girlfriend in the West. Next, he gained insight from the Western Germans, through their books. He brought them back with him, and spoke quietly to his classmates about the brand new ideas. They all, even the adults, spoke quietly about doing something, anything, but never did. Except Lukasâ⬠¦ He went to the guard tower late that first night, with the intent to gain his freedom anyway he could. In an odd wayâ⬠¦ he did. How to cite Night Crossing, Movie, Papers
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Living after Death free essay sample
At the age of 8 weeks, a developing babys facial features are visible and his heart is beating steadily. Even at this early age they already posses the two qualities that are most vital to human existence: identity and health. It is said that having a baby is the greatest joy a human can experience. As humans we seek to raise a child in order to fulfill our lives by knowing we influenced a persons life and shaped them into the kind of people they would grow up to be. Still, we do not often consider how a child may shape us. I could not be mad at her. Did she really think I would be angry? I had wanted a baby sibling my whole life and I was finally getting one; I found no problem with that. I was elated; for days it was all I could think and talk about. We will write a custom essay sample on Living after Death or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Millions of corny sibling bonding scenarios were already forming in my head. I would be the big sister, 16 years bigger and I had already announced this was going to be my baby, my pride and joy. So fittingly my mom honored me with naming him. After extensive research I, chose Aiden meaning little fire. The future was promising and the world seemed to have taken favor on me until I came home from school that day. I could tell something was wrong as soon as I stepped into my driveway. My dad was home early, something he never did. My home was invisibly mangled. There were no lights, no sounds, and no life. Our usually bustling kitchen was silent and I found a bundle of bloodstained clothes in the bathtub. Something had happened to him, I knew it. The tears were already stinging before I even knew what. Ectopic, taking literally means out of place. When put in the context of pregnancy it describes a situation in which the fetus begins to grow in the fallopian tube as opposed to the uterus. There is neither enough space nor nutrients for a baby to grow there. Furthermore if it continues to develop in the fallopian tube it could rupture the organ in which it resides. In all cases ectopic pregnancy leads to miscarriage. It took emergency surgery to save my mothers life and destroy my brothers. It was a pain like I had never experienced. Having never lost someone close to me, this was my first encounter with death. The worst part was he died before he lived. I cursed God for taking him from us and for a long time lost all faith. I fell deep into a depression and refused everything from food to compassion. To me no one understood. People would tell me that I never even met him, and that I couldnt let this bring me down. I responded that they had never met God and yet religion rules the world. I was focused on my pain and I shot back at anyone who would try to help. It was that kind of thinking that didnââ¬â¢t allow me to pull myself out of the hole I had dug. Concentrating on the negative, I couldnt even consider the positive. Was this the kind of role model I had wanted to be for Aiden? No. It took me a while to regain my faith, my optimism, and my regular eating habits, but I realized it was for the best. Had he been born, I would have strived to be the most excellent role model in his life. However I realized he was still watching me, and I had no reason not to continue being that role model. Even though he wasnââ¬â¢t born, I still loved him, and I realized maybe that is what he was meant to do: shape me into a better person. With his passing I came to know that life is precious , that I am lucky to be alive and for every moment he didnââ¬â¢t get to live, I would live double. I take all opportunities I am presented, I find beauty in simple things, and I give life all Ive got because after all we only get one, and it is meant to be lived to the fullest. Ironically enough, I owe this zest for life to someone who never lived. My Aiden: the little fire that ignited my life.
Tuesday, March 24, 2020
Economic environment Privatisation
This is the process of selling public assets to private business owners under the set rules and regulations. Privatisation of state enterprises has drawbacks and merits to the business workers, entrepreneurs, the state and the consumers in the market. During the process of privatisation, there are regulations that govern the act.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Economic environment: Privatisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Advantages of privatising state enterprises Lower prices and greater supply Private sectors have enough incentives to help them reduce the cost of production compared to the public sectors. The reason to engage in business in order to realise better profit margins as in the case of private sectors forces them to reduce the production costs, which results to lower prices in the market. This has therefore made consumers access a variety of products at low prices (Kodrzycki 1994). Source of revenue to the government Through privatisation, the government receives funds for developing public projects such as the construction of roads and hospitals. The government is therefore able to obtain enough capital by selling the property rather than operating the business, which could not be making profit (Kodrzycki 1994). Competition In private sectors, there is competition, which leads to production of high quality goods and services. Private sectors are able to employ many people at the same cost compared to public organizations and this improves the work done and reduces the production cost. Competition has also enabled consumers to access a variety of products in the market since each company would want to attract customers, which is not the case in monopoly markets (Kodrzycki 1994). Due to privatisation, the government is free from the risks of management since it hands it over to the private company. The company therefore takes the responsibility of handling customersâ⬠⢠complaints concerning the products and services. Disadvantages Employment Due to privatisation, many employees lose their jobs or end up being paid lowly. This is because private sectors will always want to cut down the production cost to make profit and this affects the employees. At times, the government may hand over the organization to the company without clear performance specifications of the employees as well as methods of evaluating them and this may affect the employees (Kodrzycki 1994). Loss of public revenue Due to privatisation, a state can easily lose its revenue by selling their properties at a loss. Before selling the property, the states should carry out enough research to determine the future trend of the property in question in the market (Kodrzycki 1994).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Privatisation has led to inadequate provision of products and serv ices to the public. This happens when the private company realises that it makes no profit out of the business and this leads to the closing down of the entire business or part of the business, which is not generating good profit margins. At times the quality of products, which was expected to increase, remains the same and prices shoot up if there is no competition in the market since the company aims at making profits and not serving the public (Kodrzycki 1994). Before liberalisation, the public services regulated all the process in the production of products as well as the delivery of services but after privatisation, the form of regulation shifted from controlling the whole issue into controlling the chain of supply. After privatisation, the governmental authorities regulate the operation of the company through issuing of licences to private companies and signing of contracts to ensure that the company is managed fairly to serve the public. Corporate governance Due to privatisat ion, states have formed corporate governance, which informs organisations about the ethics of running their businesses and how to work with their stakeholders as well as the government in achieving their goals. Corporate governance has therefore become an issue of concern due to the following reasons. The worldwide privatisation wave Privatisation has become common in most states such as Europe, U.K, and Asia and in many other states across the world. Privatisation programmes have therefore contributed to the growth of the economy in the various states and this has raised awareness on how the privatised companies should be owned and managed. Privatisation came as result of creating democracy in the field of business by sharing the shares. The government therefore holds bigger shares in the companies to be able to control the practices of the company for the public to benefit. Through such practices, the interests of the small shareholders are protected and the role of stock market i s realised (Minow Monks 1995). Pension funds and active investors Through the growth of pension plan schemes, many people have channelled their savings into such plans and this has raised the issue of corporate governance. This has therefore created a pool of investors from different parts, which calls for the application of business ethics for them to continue running. The issue of capital equity has been another reason why corporate governance has become relevant in the business world (Minow Monks 1995) Scandals and failures in some of the U.S corporations Due to the series of scandals about the U.S corporations, many people were forced to move out of the business since they could not have trust in some of the market dealings. Some of the issues, which raised concern, were such as the accounting irregularities where companies overstated their earnings and gave some misleading information, which was availed to investors leading to cases of fraud in the organizations (Minow Monks 1995).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Economic environment: Privatisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The 1998 East Asia/Russia/ Brazil crisis During the 1998 crisis in East Asia the market was not favourable for the small investors due to weak corporate governance. This led to the reassessment of the operations in privatised organizations as well as the financial management of industries in the upper hierarchy and how they were operating in the market. After the analysis, it was concluded that macro-management could not sustain the smooth running of organizations in the market and this has led to the formation of the detailed structural policies to govern the market like in the case of the International Monetary Fund, which impose conditions that are beyond the usual funding policy (Minow Monks 1995). Due to such issues, there was need for good corporate governance for the business environment to be con ducive. Good corporate governance therefore seeks to govern the whole process in organizations by ensuring that the rules and regulations set to manage the internal and external practices cater for the interests of all stakeholders. Changing demand patterns In any business environment, suppliers will always supply what consumers need in the market. Consumerââ¬â¢s demand changes lead to challenges and opportunities to suppliers, as they will always strive to satisfy the needs for their consumers. In the European countries, especially the Western part markets are said to be competent in food supply since they are able to meet the consumerââ¬â¢s demand changes in food products (Livingstone 2011). The market for food production in the European markets is faced with consumer complexity choices under the influence of the quality of the product, price and the income generated by the products. In trying to achieve the quality required by the consumers the following factors are conside red and in return, they have created benefits both to the consumers and to the suppliers. Health Since consumers are much aware of the effects of eating certain foods to their health, they have therefore resulted to eating foods with low fats and suppliers have been able to meet their demands hence creating a healthy environment by controlling some of the cardiovascular diseases, which result from poor eating habits. On the other hand, it has been a challenge to manufacturers since they have to use health criteria in their companies, which is an extra cost and time consuming to achieve the desired quality (Bech Grunert 2003). Sensory This is in reference to taste, smell and appearance of the products. Due to certain requirements by the consumers in Europe, companies have the opportunity of differentiating their products to meet the requirements of the customers hence a chance to become competitive in the market. Due to such competitions, some companies on the other hand fail to mee t the requirements leading to lack of customers (Bech Grunert 2003).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Demand of organic food The increased demand for organic products in the market has led to many companies changing the type of products they offer in the market. They have therefore started producing organic products hence contributed to the increased growing organic crops to serve the manufacturing companies. This has created more opportunities for other companies to engage in their businesses to improve living standards for their consumers (Livingstone 2011). Process Consumers may have interest on the process used in manufacturing certain products into finished goods even though the process does not create any difference in the products. Such consumers are therefore ready to pay extra charges for the process involved during the production process and this enables the companies to earn revenue as well as increasing their profit margins (Livingstone 2011). Due to the increased changing demand patterns by consumers in the market, retailers should keep close and proactive relations wit h the consumers to be able to gather the necessary information concerning the future demands of the market. The relationship should therefore be maintained throughout the chain to ensure that producers and manufactures are well informed about the requirements of the market to supply what is needed (Bech Grunert 2003). World Trade Organization Due to globalisation in the economic sector, countries across the world have joined effort to trade together. Foreign trade has therefore led to the introduction of authorities that govern the smooth running of the business among the different countries across the globe. Some of the organizations have been formed such as the World Trade Organizations, which help its registered members to trade fairly with ease, and freedom. Countries join the WTO to access the world market with the aim of improving their domestic economic as well as reforming their institutions to attract more investors to improve the economy (Angkeara 2012). Membership of Wor ld Trade Organization therefore has raised a number of opportunities as well as challenges to its members. For instance, the entry of Cambodia into the WTO has culminated to several benefits as well as posed great challenges to the country. The challenges include: Accessibility to the world market Through its registration in the WTO, the country has been able to access the world economy, which has enabled it to increase its exports to the foreign countries hence increased direct foreign investments. The country is therefore able to operate freely without any discrimination because there are rules and regulations in the system that protects it. This has been the case therefore in most registered developing countries across the world. Its registration in the WTO has led to improved living standards among the people in Cambodia (Angkeara 2012). Dispute settlement mechanisms Being a member of WTO the country is protected against violations in the market especially from the developed cou ntries. The dispute settlement scheme in the WTO is effective in dealing with the international trade disputes since it offers security as well as predicting the economic issues of the registered countries. This enables Cambodia, which is a small and vulnerable economy to operate in the foreign market under the agreed system of operation since it can easily influence decisions with the partners they trade with through the ruling system provided (Angkeara 2012). Better governance and credibility Before the entry into the WTO, Cambodia faced bad governance where there were illegal monopolies as well as corruption since there were no measures in place to control trade. The WTO has therefore improved credibility and governance of the countryââ¬â¢s economy through the commercial policy, which introduced credibility in the country and made it easier for the foreign countries to access the exporters and producers in Cambodia (Angkeara 2012). On the other hand, Cambodia has faced some ch allenges as a country due to its entry into the WTO. The challenges are: Legal and judicial system reforms The country has been forced to commit itself to the legal and judicial reforms in order to survive in the WTO. Some of the reforms are like the establishment of the commercial court to implement the laws and regulations set by WTO, and this has forced the country to align its institutional policy with that of the WTO. This is a challenge because if the set institutions are managed poorly the economy of Cambodia will be affected resulting to poor living standards in the country (Angkeara 2012). Competition The WTO has led to increased competition among its members since there are increased imports and exports, which lead to the availability of products and services in the market at reduced prices. In this case, the Cambodian industries face stiff competition from the foreign countries because its production cost is high compared to other industries and this may lead to the cross ing down of some industries (Angkeara 2012). Protected trade related aspects of intellectual rights To access the WTO the intellectual property rights have to be implemented to protect the authors, brands as well as names of products and this will affect the education in Cambodia as well as the human resource of the country. In this case, learners will not access original books due to high prices imposed on the books and this will affect the learning of many people hence lack of labor in the future (Angkeara 2012). Tariff on agricultural products and the small farmers The access to WTO has forced Cambodia to stop imposing high tariffs on the agricultural products as well as ensuring that the small farmers are protected. In Cambodia, the agricultural sector is mainly for the small farmers and they are the people that contribute a lot to the economy (Angkeara 2012). For Cambodia to enjoy the benefits derived from WTO the country has to experience the challenges. Pricing strategy in re lation to the market Pricing strategy in business is the act of setting prices for the new products in the market or changing prices of the already existing products. The strategy relies heavily on the market positioning to set the prices. Companies therefore do not have steady prices for their products since the prices are set depending on the following factors: Geographical pricing Customers in different geographical settings may experience variation on the price of products since companies may charge higher prices for customers who are far from them since they will incur the shipping costs for them to recover the expenses. At times, companies set lower prices for the products if they want people to be familiar with them. They will therefore be forced to sell the products at low price compared to the normal price and increase the prices later once consumers have developed interest towards the products (Morris Morris 1990). Competition in the market When pricing, companies conside r whether there are other companies offering same products in the market or not. In monopolistic businesses, the company may set higher prices to increase profit compared to oligopolistic businesses where the prices may be cheaper due to competition. This therefore brings the idea of discounts and allowances in the business even though they are tricky if not well handled. Discounts and allowances are very common in a competitive environment for companies to attract customers (Morris Morris 1990). Demand of consumers in the market Pricing strategy heavily depends on the demand of consumers in the market. The prices are set depending on the number of consumers and the frequency at which the consumers need the products. The frequency at which products move in the market affects their price. For instance if the demand of the product in the market is high the price of the product tends to be high but if the demand of the product by consumers is low the price becomes low (Morris Morris 1990). Market segmentation requirements In business, companies will always adjust their prices to accommodate the various categories of customers as well as the various locations where the product is being sold. Price discrimination therefore is the selling of similar products at different prices. For instance, prices of beverages such as sodas are never similar when purchased in a fast-food restaurant and in a hotel. The location of the market therefore affects the pricing of products and services (Morris Morris 1990). The purchase timing also affects the pricing of products in the market. This can be experienced in situation like purchasing items at late night where prices will be higher as compared to daytime. Hotels also tend to offer different prices for their services such that during weekends, prices are higher than weekdays and this is in relation to the number of customers available. For price discrimination to materialise, the segments in the market should be well defined to ensure that the prices are maintained. For example, ensuring that people at the lower segment are not purchasing products from their area and selling them to those in the upper segment (Morris Morris 1990). Due to the factors discussed, the pricing strategy for products depends on the market demands. Business cycles In economics, business cycles are defined as the irregular periods in the economy when there are challenges in the business environment, which are realised through the fluctuations in the macroeconomic activities. The irregular periods are experienced during the expansion of the economy, when there is a slowdown in the economy, when the economy is at the peak and when the economy is doine well after it had slowed down (Todd 2009). A recession affects the suppliers in the economy as well as the consumers of the products. During recession, people tend to save the little money they have since there is the fear that they may lose their jobs and by increasing the investm ents and the recession tends to be worse. Businesses, government and the central bank behave differently during the recession period (Todd 2009). During the recession period, the government tries to revive the economy by expanding the monetary policy or reforming the fiscal policy. The government therefore spends its resources trying to improve the economy of the country or expanding the monetary policy by encouraging the central bank to lend money to businesses for individuals to acquire money to spend. This therefore means that the purchasing of the government bonds by the central bank increase as well as the circulation of money in the economy for people to spend (Todd 2009). The central bank encourages businesses to borrow money from banks to run the businesses to increase the spending of money in the economy. The central bank therefore offers loans at reduced interest rates as a way of attracting the businesses to borrow. As much as this happens, the recession does not end inst antly because such reduced rates are only felt after a period of one year. The lower reserves offered by the government to central bank increase the lending of money to expand the businesses as well as increasing the investments (Todd 2009). Customers in businesses tend to cut down their expenditures on products and services due to lack of money to purchase or due to increased investments, which results from job insecurity. This is because individuals feel that they may lose their jobs any time since companies may close down due to recession in the economy. Businesses therefore order less because they make fewer sales or sometimes when they predict a recession even before the consumers start purchasing less, they reduce the purchases leading to less withdrawal from the banks. Companies are therefore encouraged to borrow loans from banks at lower rates of interest to expand the businesses as well as enabling individuals to access money to spend (Todd 2009). The governmentââ¬â¢s ac tion during recession is not enough. It should create better policies to control such incidents such as lending loans at fair interest rates not to affect the economy, adjust its regulations as well as spending moderately to curb such situations in the future. References Angkeara, B 2012, The opportunities and challenges to the WTO accession, via The case of Cambodia. Bech T Grunert G 2003, ââ¬ËThe perceived wholesomeness of functional foods: A conjoint study of Danish, Finnish and American consumerââ¬â¢s perception of functional foodsââ¬â¢, Appetite, vol. 40, pp. 9-14. Kodrzycki, Y 1994, Privatization of local government services: Lessons for New England, viewed May/June 1994, via New England Economic Review. Livingstone, J 2011, Against thrift: Why consumer culture is good for the economy, the environment, and your soul. Praeger: New York. Minow, N Monks, R 1995, Corporate governance, Blackwell, Oxford. Morris, F Morris, M 1990), Market-oriented pricing: Strategies fo r management, Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport. Todd, A 2009, Recessions and depressions: Understanding business cycles, Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport. This essay on Economic environment: Privatisation was written and submitted by user L10nel to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Friday, March 6, 2020
Free Essays on Clouded Vision
, she has her sistersââ¬â¢ act and she does not want to associat... Free Essays on Clouded Vision Free Essays on Clouded Vision Clouded Vision In Shakespeareââ¬â¢s classic tragedy, King Lear, the issue of sight and its significance to clouded vision is a recurring theme. William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s main means of portraying this theme is though the characters of Lear and Gloucester. Although Lear can physically see, he is blinded in the way that he lacks insight, and understanding. In another sense, Gloucester becomes physically blind but gains the type of vision that Lear lacks. It is evident from King Lear and Gloucester that clear vision is not drawn solely from physical sight. Learââ¬â¢s failure to understand this was his principal cause of his demise, while Gloucester learns to achieve clear vision, and consequently avoids a similar fate to that of Learââ¬â¢s. Lear proves Shakespeareââ¬â¢s theme of clouded vision by demonstrating that although you have physical sight it does not guarantee you clear sight. Gloucester proves this theme by demonstrating clouded vision, despite the total lack of physical sight. I will first start with proving my point with Lear and then will move on with Gloucester, by using several quotes from William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s tragedy King Lear. Throughout most of King Lear, Learââ¬â¢s vision is clouded by his lack of insight. Since he cannot see into other peopleââ¬â¢s characters, he can never identify them for who they truly are. Learââ¬â¢s lack on insight into other people, ruins his relationship with his most beloved daughter, Cordelia. When Lear asks his daughters who loves him the most, he already thinks that Cordelia has the most love for him. However, when Cordelia says, ââ¬Å"I love your Majesty, according to my bond, no more nor lessâ⬠(I.i.94-95), Lear cannot see what these words spoken by his beloved daughter really mean. Goneril and Regan are only putting on an act. They do not truly love their father as much as they should and say that they do. When Cordelia says these words, she has her sistersââ¬â¢ act and she does not want to associat...
Tuesday, February 18, 2020
Reality Show Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Reality Show - Personal Statement Example From acting to production, from camera-handling to costumes, the television industry is on the swell, attracting numerous individuals with employment opportunities. And who would not love to be a part of the whole glitz and glamour! Of course, I am no exception to this. If given the opportunity to become part of the television industry and conceptualize my own television reality show, I would ensure that my show contains all the ingredients required for a super hit show. Reality shows are television shows that usually involve hosts, judges and participants. The show evolves by the participation and judgment of the participants' abilities that are tested during the event of the show, by the judges. The participants could be the general public or even celebrities. The host is usually a well-spoken, attentive and interactive person, who knows how to make the participants feel at home, while also talking about their talents and capabilities. He acts as the link between the participants and judges, as also between the viewers and the people on the show! The
Tuesday, February 4, 2020
How Did the Rise of the State Affect the Power of the Monarch Essay
How Did the Rise of the State Affect the Power of the Monarch - Essay Example A great link existed between religion and the monarch; as messengers of God, monarchs had the divine right to rule hence everything they said was the law. The monarchy was held until death or abdication and was hereditary in nature in that it was passed on to the eldest child of the monarch. Later elective monarchs emerged as well as those who usurped power and declared themselves monarchs like the Napoleon of France (Parker, 1999). Absolute monarchy is whereby the monarch wields all the power; he is head of government as well as the state and he is the rule. Moreover, his decisions are viewed as being from God hence should not be contravened. An elective monarch is elected by an elective body for a period of time or for life such as the pope of Vatican City is elected by a college of cardinals. A constitutional monarch on the other hand is bound by the constitution hence he /she is just ceremonial. For example, Queen Elizabeth of England is a constitutional monarch and a head of sta te of several commonwealth monarchy states (Fandel, 2008). The two European countries that contributed much to the rise of the state are England and France. The revolutions in the two countries saw the decline in the power of the monarch and in some states its natural death. The paper will discuss how the ââ¬Ërise of the stateââ¬â¢ affected the power of the monarch. European Absolute Monarchy Most of European countries such as France, Belgium, United Kingdom, Spain and others were ruled by an absolute monarch. According to Fandel (2008); Schiel (2005), the early monarchs arose as a result of wealth and power gained through hunting and later from agricultural activities. The wealthy people were respected and seen as closer to God than other members as they well endowed with resources. The monarchy was inherited through primogeniture whereby the eldest son ascended the throne after the monarchââ¬â¢s demise. However, Primogeniture was criticized by some noblesââ¬â¢ more so as it discriminated against women. As a result, some states started exercising equality by allowing females to inherit the throne. The monarchs had immense power which they derived from religion. Most of Europe was under Roman Catholic Church hence kings and queens were coronated by the church. Stefoff (2008) argues that the divine right was used to justify the unlimited power of the monarch. For example in France, king Louis XIV had absolute power which he shared with trusted ministers and lived in a palace in Versailles which symbolised wealth and power (Mason, 2011). However, Beik (2005) argues that there was no absolutism due to the fact that the king collaborated with powerful elites so as to gain their support. To assert his power king Louis XV made a proclamation in 1766: ââ¬Å"sovereign power resides in my person aloneâ⬠¦its to me alone that legislative power belongs without dependence or division, all public order emanates from me. ââ¬Å" Louis XIV had also made a pro clamation during his rule: ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢I am the state.â⬠(Mason 2011 p. 15). This indicates the immense power the monarchs had; they were above the state. The monarch performed various roles such as making, enforcing, and interpreting laws. There was no separation of power between state organs such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. The monarch was not
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